|
|
| Thermal Conversion Factors |
| Fuel and Sector |
1999 |
1998 |
1997 |
1996 |
1995 |
1994 |
1993 |
1992 |
1991 |
1990 |
| Coal Produced (BTU per pound)1 |
12,875 |
12,865 |
12,849 |
12,818 |
12,908 |
12,801 |
12,848 |
12,872 |
12,887 |
12,951 |
| Coal Consumed (Million BTU per short ton) |
| Residential and Commericial |
24.8822 |
24.8822 |
24.9309 |
25.1056 |
24.9980 |
24.9838 |
24.9971 |
25.1416 |
25.1241 |
25.0865 |
| Non-Utility Industrial |
24.8612 |
24.8612 |
24.9465 |
25.0991 |
25.0858 |
25.0508 |
25.1026 |
25.1956 |
25.1646 |
25.0692 |
| Electric Utilities |
25.4030 |
25.2053 |
25.1077 |
25.1947 |
25.4867 |
25.5561 |
25.6333 |
25.6602 |
25.5352 |
25.4274 |
| Natural Gas Produced (BTU per cubic foot)2 |
1,027 |
1,031 |
1,026 |
1,027 |
1,027 |
1,028 |
1,027 |
1,030 |
1,030 |
1,031 |
| Natural Gas Consumed (Thousand BTU per cubic foot)
| 1.038 |
1.043 |
1.044 |
1.039 |
1.031 |
1.038 |
1.044 |
1.039 |
1.042 |
1.042 |
| Residential |
1.037 |
1.042 |
1.044 |
1.038 |
1.031 |
1.038 |
1.045 |
1.038 |
1.042 |
1.042 |
| Commerical |
1.037 |
1.042 |
1.044 |
1.038 |
1.031 |
1.038 |
1.045 |
1.038 |
1.042 |
1.042 |
| Other Industrial |
1.037 |
1.042 |
1.044 |
1.038 |
1.031 |
1.038 |
1.045 |
1.038 |
1.042 |
1.042 |
| Electric Utility |
1.055 |
1.049 |
1.048 |
1.057 |
1.031 |
1.037 |
1.038 |
1.050 |
1.044 |
1.041 |
| Crude Oil Produced (Million BTU per barrel)3 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
5.800 |
| Petroleum Products Consumed (Million BTU per barrel)4 |
| Distillate Fuel Oil Consumed by Electric Plants |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
5.825 |
| Fossil-fuel Steam-electric Plants |
| Heat Rate, Fossil-fueled Steam Electric Plants (Btu/kWhr)5 |
10,346 |
10,346 |
10,357 |
10,340 |
10,312 |
10,316 |
10,309 |
10,342 |
10,436 |
10,402 |
| Energy Conversion Efficiency, Fossil-fueled Steam Electric Plant6 |
33.0% |
33.0% |
32.9% |
33.0% |
33.1% |
33.1% |
33.1% |
33.0% |
32.7% |
32.8% |
| Heat Rate, Fossil-fueled Nuclear Plants (Btu/kWhr)5 |
10,623 |
10,623 |
10,623 |
10,623 |
10,658 |
10,676 |
10,682 |
10,678 |
10,740 |
10,680 |
| Electricity Losses-to-Sales Ratio7 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
Notes:
Consumed fuel estimates are specific to Virginia.
Appendix C, State Energy Data Report, EIA
1 Energy content of coal produced for electric utilities. EIA, Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Utility Plants, Table 16
2 U.S. production average. Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review, Table A6
3 U.S. production average. Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review, Table A2. 1 barrel = 42 U.S. gallons
4 U.S. average. Source: EIA, Monthly Energy Review, Appendix A, Section 4, Table A1
5 U.S. average. EIA, Monthly Energy Review, Table A6.
6 Efficiencies calculated using conversion factor: 1 kilowatthour = 3,412 Btu. 1 megawatthour = 1000 kilowatthours
7 U.S. estimate. EIA, State Energy Data Report, Appendix A, Section 6
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